Rediscover Ancient Egypt
with Tehuti Research Foundation


Egyptian Musical Instruments



This book presents the major Ancient Egyptian musical instruments, their ranges, and playing techniques.

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Table of Contents



Table of Contents 5
Preface 8
Standards and Terminology 9
Chronology of Egyptian Dynasties 11
Map of Egypt 12

1. The Wealth of Instruments
The Egyptian Instruments
General Characteristics of Egyptian Instruments
Musicians in Ancient (and Present-Day) Egypt
The Musical Orchestra
13

2. Stringed Instruments
General
Lyres
Tri-gonon / Tri-Ka-Nun (Zither)
Harps
General
Harp Playing Techniques
The All-Encompassing Capacities of Ancient Egyptian Harps
Tanboura (String Instruments with Neck)
General
Two-Strings
Three-Strings
Four-Strings
Short-Neck Lute
The Egyptian Guitars
A Few Examples of Tanboura Variety
Bowed Instruments [Kamanga, Rababa]
21

3. Wind Instruments
General
The Magic Nay (End-Blown Flute)
Transverse Flute
Pan Flute
Single Reed Pipe (Clarinet)
Double Pipe
a. Double Clarinet
b. Double Oboe
c. Arghool
d. Others (Bagpipe and Organ)
The Twin Horns/Trumpets
43

4. Percussion Instruments
Membrano-Phone Instruments

a. Drums
b. Tambourines
Non-Membrano-Phone (Idiophone) Instruments
a. Percussion Sticks
b. Clappers
c. Sistrums/Sistra
d. Cymbals
e. Castanets
f. Bells (Chimes)
g. Xylophone and Glockenspiel
Human Parts (hands, fingers, thighs, feet, etc)
59

5. The Musical Performance
The Harmonic Merit Hand
The Written Sounds
The Rhythmic Timing
Moods and Modes
71

Glossary 84
Selected Bibliography 88
Sources and Notes 91
About T.R.F. Books 95
Ordering Information 101


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Publisher: Tehuti Research Foundation



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